At the European level, what are the challenges facing mobility?

We face a number of challenges:

• The dual challenge of ecological and digital transition
• The demographic challenge
• The challenge of our networks, which are not yet up to our expectations

We have a complete backbone network that’s not yet ready, but we have a clear idea of where we want to go. But all this requires funding from the EU and member states. We have a clear vision of where we want to go, but we’re not there yet. We’re talking about billions of euros of investment, so it takes time. However, we are working to make this vision a reality, notably through legislative provisions illustrated by maps, and also through the publication of calls for funding and projects.

As far as the social aspect is concerned, our objective is clear: to fight precarious mobility of vulnerable households. There are several questions to ask ourselves:

• Where are these people and how can we support them?
• Are we talking about the network, or do we need on-demand mobility services?
• How can we finance it in a way that is sufficiently environmentally friendly, while still meeting their needs?
• How do we mesure it?

There’s a lot of work to do, but we’re moving in the right direction. We just need to make sure it progresses quickly enough. But I think everyone is committed to working together. We hope that these national plans, as part of the Social Climate Fund, will at least be a big step forward in providing help.